Libaka tse kholo tsa{0}section copper busbar li sebelisoa haholo tsamaisong ea ho aba motlakase, ho kenngoeng ha polokelo ea matla a ka nchafalitsoeng, liphutheloana tsa libeteri tsa koloi ea motlakase, le{1}}lisebelisoa tse boima tsa indasteri. E le likarolo tsa mantlha tsa - tse tsamaisang lisebelisoa, boleng ba tsona ba li-welding bo laola ka kotloloho botsitso ba motlakase, bots'epehi, le ts'ireletseho ea nako e telele-.
Ha u sebelisa amochini oa tjheseletsa oa polymerho tjheseletsa libese tse kholo tsa koporo, bahlahisi hangata ba kopana le liphephetso tse joalo ka ho se phethehe ho kopanngoa ha lehae, khaello ea tšubuhlellano, le{0}meaho e sa ts'oaneng ea kahare. Litaba tsena li bakoa haholo-holo ke koporo e nang le mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso, -litekanyo tse kholo tsa likarolo, le kabo e sa leka-lekaneng ea khatello nakong ea ho cheselletsa.
Tataiso ena e tsepamisitse maikutlo sepheong sa mantlha sa ho fihlela kamano e tšoanang,{0}}ka botlalo ka libareng tse kholo tsa koporo. E hlakisa maano a sebetsang, a ho kengoa tšebetsong{2}}a malala-a-laotsoe a amanang le boitokiso, ntlafatso ea paramethara, litokiso tsa tšebetso, tlhokomelo ea lisebelisoa, le taolo ea boleng. Likahare li etselitsoe ho thusa baenjiniere, batsamaisi ba tlhahiso, le lihlopha tsa ho reka thepa ho etsa liqeto tse nang le tsebo ha ba khetha le ho sebetsa amochine oa ho tjheseletsa diffusion.
1. Pele-Tokisetso ea ho Welding: Ho Aha Motheo oa Ho Kopana ka Uniform Bonding
Ho tjheseletsa ha diffusion, mehato ya ho itokisa e lekanya haholo boleng bo fihlellehang ba bonding. Bakeng sa libese tse kholo tsa koporo, boemo ba holim'a metsi, ho nepahala ha sebopeho, le leano la ho futhumatsa li susumetsa haholo katleho ea phetisetso ea mocheso le phallo ea athomo.
1.1 Tokiso e Nepahetseng ea Bokaholimo ho Felisa Litšitiso tsa Phallo
Koporo e etsa lifilimi tsa oxide habonolo ha e pepesehetse moea. Mekhahlelo ena ea oxide e sebetsa e le litšitiso tsa ho hasana 'me ke e' ngoe ea lisosa tse ka sehloohong tsa maqhama a fokolang le ho se kopane ho sa fellang. Ka hona, ho lokisoa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng ho bohlokoa pele ho tjheseletsa.
Mekhoa e tloaelehileng le e sebetsang ea ho itokisa e kenyelletsa:
- Ho sila ka mechine ho sebelisa mabanta a matle a khohlopo kapa mabili a benyang ho tlosa oxide e tlase ho hloekisa tšepe ea motheo.
- Ho hloekisa ka lik'hemik'hale ka litharollo tsa asiti e bobebe ho felisa li-oxide tse setseng
- Ho hlakola ka joala ba anhydrous ho tlosa mafura le likaroloana tse ntle
- Ho koala hang hang ka mor'a ho itokisetsa ho thibela{0}}oxidation hape
Litloaelong tsa indasteri, ho hlaka holimo ho khothaletsoa ka har'a Ra 0.8-1.6 μm, e fanang ka tekano e nepahetseng lipakeng tsa kamano e haufi-ufi le phallo e sebetsang.
1.2 Ho Khetha Litokiso tse Loketseng ho Etsa bonnete ba Maemo a Tšoanang le Khatello
Bakeng sa libese tse teteaneng tsa koporo, ho se be le boemo bo lekaneng kapa kabo e sa lekaneng ea khatello hangata e lebisa ho maqhama a fokolang mathōkong. Sena ke sesosa se tloaelehileng sa bofokoli bo sa{1}
Litšobotsi tse khothalelitsoeng tsa sebopeho li kenyelletsa:
- Boima bo phahameng ba sebopeho ho fokotsa deformation tlas'a khatello
- Mekhoa e feto-fetohang ea maemo ho amohela boholo bo fapaneng ba libese
- Bophahamo ba bokaholimo bo laoloang ka har'a ± 0.02 mm
- Kabo{0}ea lintlha tse ngata tse hokahaneng tsa khatello
Lits'ebetsong tsa libese tsa polokelo ea matla, -lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa khatello ea lintlha hangata li ka boloka phapang ea khatello ka har'a ± 3%, e leng ho ntlafatsang ho tsitsisa ha bonding haholo.
1.3 Preheating Copper Busbar ho Fokotsa Tahlehelo ea Mocheso
Koporo e na le mocheso oa mocheso o ka bang 390-400 W/(m·K), o phahame haholo ho feta oa litšepe tse ngata tsa meralo. Ka lebaka leo, mocheso o fela ka potlako nakong ea welding, e leng se ka lebisang mocheso o sa lekaneng oa motheo.
Preheating e fokotsa likhahla tsa mocheso le ho tsitsisa ts'ebetso ea welding.
Litlhophiso tse khothalelitsoeng tsa preheating:
- Mocheso oa preheating: 150-350 likhato
- Preheating nako: 10-30 metsotso, ho itšetlehile ka botenya
- Mokhoa oa ho futhumatsa: Preheating ea sebōpi kapa li-module tsa preheating tsa mochine o kopantsoeng
Ho futhumatsa hantle pele ho nako ho ka ntlafatsa ho tšoana ha mocheso ka hoo e ka bang 20%–35%, ho fokotsa haholo-mefokolo e sa kopaneng.
2. Ntlafatso ea Parameter ea Core: Ho Laola Lintho Tse Bohlokoa
Diffusion welding e itshetlehile hodima ditlamorao tse kopantseng tsa mocheso, kgatello, le nako ho hodisa phallo ya athomo ho mahokela. Mekhahlelo ena e meraro e theha motheo oa maqhama a tšoanang.
2.1 Multi{1}}Taolo ea Mocheso oa Libaka ho Etsa bonnete ba ho Kena ha Mocheso
Bakeng sa libese tsa koporo tse teteaneng ho feta10 limilimithara, -ho futhumatsa sebaka se le seng hangata ha hoa lekana ho boloka mocheso o tšoanang oa kahare. Litsamaiso tse ngata- tsa ho laola mocheso libakeng tse ling lia khothaletsoa haholo.
Potoloho e tloaelehileng ea ho futhumatsa e kenyelletsa:
Preheating Stage
Thempereichara butle-butle e nyolohela ho hoo e ka bang60%–70%ea boemo ba sepheo. Sena se fokotsa ho tšoha ha mocheso le ho fokotsa likotsi tsa deformation.
Mothati oa ho futhumatsa
Thempereichara e ntse e eketseha ho latela profil e laoloang ea 'mila ho fihlela e fihla moeling oa li-welding:
- Thempereichara ea ho tjheseletsa koporo:600-850 likhato
- Mocheso o nepahetseng o khothalelitsoeng:ka har'a likhato tse ± 5
Ho Tšoara Sethala
Mocheso o bolokoa o tsitsitse, o lumella ho lekana ha mocheso ka hare le ho thusa ho ata ha athomo.
Multi-zone synchronous warming e ka fokotsa ho fetoha ha mocheso ka hare hoka har'a likhato tse ± 10, e leng ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho finyella fusion e tšoanang ho pholletsa le sebopeho sohle.
2.2 Kopo ea Khatello ea Gradient bakeng sa Khokahano ea Uniform Interface
Khatello e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho felise likheo tse holim'a metsi le ho matlafatsa ts'ebetso ea phallo. Bakeng sa libese tse kholo tsa koporo, ts'ebeliso ea khatello e hlophisitsoeng e sebetsa ho feta ho sebelisa khatello e felletseng hang-hang.
Mehato e tloaelehileng ea khatello e kenyelletsa:
| Sethala | Khatello Range | Morero |
|---|---|---|
| Clamping ea pele | 5–10 MPa | Tlosa likheo |
| Mothati oa ho futhumatsa | 10-20 MPa | Eketsa sebaka sa ho ikopanya |
| Ho Tšoara Sethala | 20–40 MPa | Khothalletsa phatlalatso |
Haeba khatello e le tlase haholo, phallo e lula e sa fella. Khatello e feteletseng, ka lehlakoreng le leng, e ka baka deformation kapa extrusion ea lintho tse bonahalang. Ka hona,botsitso ba khatello bo lokela ho lula kahare ho ± 1%, e leng lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa-sesebelisuoa sa boleng bo holimo sa diffusion.
2.3 Ho Ntlafatsa Nako ea ho Tšoara ho netefatsa Phapano e Feletseng ea ka Hare
Phapang ea athomo e itšetlehile ka-nako, ho bolelang hore nako ea ho tšoara e tlameha ho lumellana le botenya ba lintho.
Litšupiso tse tloaelehileng tsa nako ea ho ts'oara:
| Botenya ba Busbar | Recommended Holding Time |
|---|---|
| 5–10 limilimithara | 20-40 metsotso |
| 10-20 limilimithara | 40-70 metsotso |
| 20-30 limilimithara | 70-120 metsotso |
Ho tšoarella nako e telele haholo ho ka lebisa kholong ea lijo-thollo le ho fokotseha ha thepa ea mochini. Ho kgothaletswa hore o tjhesehele ka teko{1}}ho lokisa maemo.
3. Litokiso: Ho Rarolla Mathata a Sebakeng ao e seng{1}}Uniform Fusion
Leha ho na le liparamente tse ntlafalitsoeng,{0}ho lokisa hantle mokhoa oa ho tjheseletsa ho ka ntlafatsa boleng ba bonding haholo.
3.1 Ho Sireletsa Thuso ea Khase ho Fokotsa Oxidation
Koporo e oxidize ka potlako mochesong o phahameng. Sebopeho sa oksijene se fokotsa katleho ea phallo le boleng ba tlamahano. Ho hlahisa khase e sireletsang ho thusa ho fokotsa oxidation.
Likhase tse tloaelehileng tse sireletsang li kenyelletsa:
- Argon (Ar): E sebelisoa haholo
- Nitrojene (N₂): Mokhoa o mong oa moruo
- Hydrogen-e nang le metsoako: E sebelisoa-mesebetsi e phahameng ea ts'ebetso
Ho sireletsa tikoloho ea khase ho ka fokotsa likhahla tsa oxidation ka hoo e ka bang60%–80%, ho ntlafatsa bohloeki ba sebopeho.
3.2 Mokhoa o Ntlafetseng oa ho futhumatsa mocheso bakeng sa kabo e leka-lekaneng ea mocheso
Ho bea sefuthumatsi ka tsela e fosahetseng hangata ho baka boemo ba mocheso o sa lekaneng ho pholletsa le libese tse kholo.
Mekhoa e khothalelitsoeng e kenyelletsa:
- Multi{0}taolo e ikemetseng ea ho futhumatsa libaka
- Tokisetso ea ho futhumatsa ea Symmetrical
- Taolo ea tlhahiso ea matla e hokahaneng
Mehato ena e fokotsa haholo ho chesa ho feteletseng kapa ho futhumatsa ho sa lekaneng.
3.3 Pholiso e Laolehileng ho Thibela Mefokolo ea Ka Hare
Pholiso e potlakileng e ka hlahisa khatello ea maikutlo le mefokolo ea sebopeho sa microstructural.
Maano a khothaletsoang a ho pholisa:
- Lumella ho pholile ha tlhaho ka mor'a ho cheselletsa
- Sireletsa ho phalla ha khase nakong ea pholileng
- Qoba mekhoa ea ho pholisa ka likhoka
Pholiso e laoloang e ka fokotsa maemo a setseng a khatello ea maikutlo ka ho feta30%, ho ntlafatsa ts'epo-ea nako e telele.
4. Tekanyo ea Lisebelisoa le Tlhokomelo: Ho netefatsa Ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng
Esita le mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea li-welding e ke ke ea lefella maemo a sa tsitsang a thepa. Tlhokomelo ea kamehla e netefatsa liphetho tse tsitsitseng tsa welding.
4.1 Tekanyo ea Nako le Nako ea Mekhoa ea Mocheso le Khatello
Lilaoli tsa mocheso le lisensara tsa khatello li ka 'na tsa hoholeha ha nako e ntse e ea.
Linako tse khothalelitsoeng tsa ho lekanya:
- Sistimi ea taolo ea mocheso: E 'ngoe le e 'ngoe3-6 likhoeli
- Li-sensor tsa khatello: E 'ngoe le e' ngoeLikhoeli tse 6
- Lintho tse futhumatsang: Ho hlahlojoa nako le nako le ho nkeloa sebaka ha ho senyehile
Litsamaiso tse nepahetseng tsa taolo li netefatsa ts'ebetso ea welding e pheta-phetoang.
4.2 Ho boloka li-Electrode le Litokiso bakeng sa Khokahano e Tšepahalang
Likarolo tse nang le oxidized kapa tse tsofetseng li eketsa khanyetso ea ho ikopanya le ho sitisa kabo ea khatello.
Mehato ea tlhokomelo e kenyelletsa:
- Ho tlosa oxide buildup
- Ho lokisa libaka tse senyehileng
- Ho hlahloba flatness ea thepa kamehla
Mekhoa ena e ka fokotsa ho feto-fetoha ha khanyetso ea ho kopana ka hoo e ka bang20%–40%.
4.3 Ho Hlahloba Lits'ebetso tsa Khase le Insulation
Ho lutla ha khase le ho kenya letsoho ho senyehileng ho eketsa tahlehelo ea mocheso le ho fokotsa ts'ebetso.
Litlhahlobo tse tloaelehileng li lokela ho kenyelletsa:
- Botšepehi bo tiisang mohala oa khase
- Boemo ba thepa ea insulation
- Ts'ebetso ea ho tiisa ka kamoreng
Ho kenya letsoho ka katleho ho ka fokotsa tšebeliso ea matla ka ho10%–25%.
5. Maemo a Ts'ebetso le Tlhahlobo ea Boleng: Tšireletso ea ho Qetela
Ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng le liprothokholo tsa tlhahlobo e matla li netefatsa boleng bo tsitsitseng ba tlhahiso.
5.1 Mekhoa e Tloaelehileng ea Ts'ebetso ea ho Fokotsa Phoso ea Batho
Boitseanape ba opereishene bo ama ka kotloloho boleng ba welding. Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho sebetsa (SOPs) e thusa ho boloka botsitso.
Lintlha tse tloaelehileng tsa SOP li kenyelletsa:
- Lethathamo la tlhahlobo ea{{0}pele ho tjheseletso
- Tatelano e tloaelehileng ea clamping
- Litaelo tsa ho theha paramethara
- Post{{0}litokomane tsa ho cheseletsa
{{0}basebetsi ba koetlisitsoeng hantle ba ka fokotsa ho feto-fetoha ha tšebetso ka ho feta30%.
5.2 Teko e Felletseng ea Boleng bakeng sa ho Batch Consistency
Pele ho tlhahiso e felletseng-, ho khothaletsoa ka matla ho tjheseletsa le ho netefatsa.
Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho hlahloba e kenyelletsa:
- Tlhahlobo ea pono bakeng sa ho tšoana
- Tlhahlobo ea Ultrasonic (UT) bakeng sa bokooa ba ka hare
- Teko ea radiographic (RT) bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea sebopeho
- Teko ea matla a shear bakeng sa netefatso ea mochini
Ka{0}}lits'ebetso tsa motlakase tse tšepahalang haholo,matla a bond hangata a tlameha ho fihla ho 80% -95% ea matla a thepa ea motheo, e leng se etsang hore sena e be palo ea bohlokoa ea boleng.
6. Mokhoa oa ho Khetha Mochini oa Welding o nepahetseng oa Diffusion bakeng sa Libase tse kholo tsa Koporo
Bakeng sa lik'hamphani tse rerileng ho tsetela ho lisebelisoa tsa ho cheselletsa li-diffusion, ho shebana feela le theko hangata ho lebisa-ho se sebetse hantle ha nako e telele. Bokhoni ba ts'ebetso le botsitso ba ts'ebetso ke lintlha tse bohlokoa haholo.
6.1 Litlhaloso tsa Bohlokoa tsa Tekheniki tse lokelang ho hlahlojoa
Litlhaloso tse khothalletsoang ha u khetha lisebelisoa:
| Paramethara | Recommended Range |
|---|---|
| Ho nepahala ha mocheso | Ka har'a likhato tse ± 5 |
| Ho nepahala ha khatello | Ka har'a ±1% |
| Palo ea libaka tse futhumatsang | E kholo ho feta kapa e lekana le libaka tse 3 |
| Boholo ba matla a khatello | E kholo ho feta kapa e lekana le 40 MPa |
| Tsamaiso ea taolo | Liprofaele tse ka lokisoang |
Mekhahlelo ena e susumetsa ka ho toba bokhoni ba ho cheseletsa libese tse kholo tsa koporo ka botshepehi.
6.2 Ho Lekola ho Fetoha le Bokhoni ba Katoloso ea Kamoso
Liindasteri tse kang polokelo ea matla le tlhahiso ea EV hangata li hloka ho ikamahanya le litlhaloso tse ncha tsa sehlahisoa.
Lintlha tsa bohlokoa li kenyelletsa:
- E lumellana le boholo bo fapaneng ba busbar
- Katoloso ea li-module tsa othomathike
- Ts'ebetso ea ho rengoa ha data le traceability
Lisebelisoa tse nang le bokhoni bo ka fokotsoang li thusa ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ntlafatso ea nako e tlang.
6.3 Ho Khetha Mofani ea nang le Tšehetso e Matla ea Theknoloji
Bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea li-welding tsa diffusion, lisebelisoa feela ha lia lekana. Bokhoni ba tšehetso ea tekheniki bo bohlokoa ka ho lekana.
Litšobotsi tse khothalelitsoeng tsa barekisi:
- Bokhoni ba ho fana ka tataiso ea ts'ebetso ea welding
- Ho fumaneha ha lits'ebeletso tsa welding ea liteko
- Tšehetso ea nako e telele-ea tlhokomelo
- Linyeoe tse netefalitsoeng tsa kopo ea indasteri
Hangata lintlha tsena li laola boleng ba 'nete ba bophelo bohle ba thepa.
LBH
P: Ke taba efe e atileng haholo ts'ebetsong e kholo ea li-copper busbar diffusion welding?
K: Taba e atileng haholo ke fusion e sa fellang libakeng tsa lehae kapa tse haufi, hangata e bakoang ke kabo e sa lekanang ea mocheso kapa khatello e sa lekaneng.
P: Ke botenya bofe ba li-busbars tsa koporo tse loketseng ho tjheseletsa ha li-welding?
A: Diffusion welding hangata e loketse libese tsa koporo ho tloha ho5–30 limilimithara, le10-25 limilimitharaho ba sebaka se atileng haholo.
P: U ka tseba joang hore na weld busbar diffusion weld e amohelehile?
A: Hangata weld e tšoanelehang e ea atleha80%–95%ea matla a motheo 'me e feta{0}}tlhahlobo e sa senyeheng ntle le sekoli.
P: Ke litekanyo life tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ha u khetha mochini oa welding oa diffusion?
K: Ho nepahala ha thempereichara, ho tsitsa ha khatello, le matla a mangata-a ho futhumatsa libaka ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa haholo tsa tekheniki.
P: Na khase e sireletsang e ea hlokahala bakeng sa tjheseletsa ea copper busbar?
A: Le hoja e se ntho e tlamang kamehla, ho sireletsa khase ho fokotsa haholo oxidation le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea weld.
Qetello: Uniform Fusion e Hloka Mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng
Ho fihlella li-uniform bonding ho welding e kholo ea copper busbar diffusion ha e itšetlehe ka paramethara e le 'ngoe. Sebakeng seo, e hloka ntlafatso e hokahaneng ea lisebelisoa, lits'ebetso, lisebelisoa le taeo ea ts'ebetso.
Ho tloha ho lokiselitsoeng holimo ho ea ho taolo ea parameter, ho tloha tlhokomelong ea lisebelisoa ho ea ho tlhahlobo ea boleng, mohato o mong le o mong o kenya letsoho mosebetsing oa ho qetela oa ho kopanya. Bakeng sa bahlahisi ba sebetsang ka -karolo e kholo ea copper busbar, ba khethangmochine oa ho tjheseletsa diffusionka taolo e nepahetseng ea mocheso, -bokhoni ba ho futhumatsa libaka tse ngata, le taolo e tsitsitseng ea khatello-e kopantsoeng le mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho cheseletsa{2}}e ka ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso le ts'epahalo ea nako e telele{3}.
Ka taolo e hlokolosi ea paramethara le ho tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa, ho kopanngoa ha sebaka ka botlalo-e ba sephetho se ka finyelloang, se ts'ehetsa phetisetso ea motlakase e tsitsitseng le ts'ebetso e tšepahalang lits'ebetsong tse boima tsa motlakase le matla.
